Food Processing: Techniques and Technology Food Processing: Techniques and Technology Техника и технология пищевых производств 2074-9414 2313-1748 57545 10.21603/2074-9414-2023-1-2414 ОРИГИНАЛЬНАЯ СТАТЬЯ ORIGINAL ARTICLE ОРИГИНАЛЬНАЯ СТАТЬЯ Conversion of Wheat Bran into Target Biosynthetic Products Конверсия пшеничных отрубей в целевые продукты биосинтеза https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8495-3869 Погорелова Наталья Анатольевна Pogorelova Natalya A. na.pogorelova@omgau.org https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8544-4214 Гаврилова Наталья Борисовна Gavrilova Natalya B. nb.gavrilova@omgau.org

доктор технических наук;

doctor of technical sciences;

 Омский государственный аграрный университет им. П. А. Столыпина Омск Россия P.A. Stolypin Omsk State Agrarian University Omsk Russian Federation Омский государственный аграрный университет имени П. А. Столыпина Омск Россия Omsk State Agrarian University Omsk Russian Federation 27 03 2023 27 03 2023 53 1 49 59 04 05 2022 04 10 2022 https://fptt.ru/en/issues/21374/21385/

Интенсификация процесса биоконверсии возобновляемых ресурсов растительного происхождения является приоритетным направлением современной биотехнологии. Важной стороной проведения обработки и предобработки целлюлозного сырья (в том числе отрубей) является получение в конечном продукте высокого содержания редуцирующих веществ. Цель исследования – определение оптимальных условий химической трансформации растительных полимеров для получения биологически ценных веществ. Это позволит снизить себестоимость конечного продукта биотехнологического производства. В данной работе конверсию полимеров пшеничных отрубей осуществляли в процессе химической обработки серной кислотой. Оценка степени конверсии полимеров проводилась на нативных и механически активированных пшеничных отрубях фракции 600, 200 и 100 мкм. Исследования кинетики процесса высокотемпературного химического гидролиза механически активированных пшеничных отрубей осуществляли при варьировании технологических параметров: в диапазоне температуры 120–130 °С, концентрации серной кислоты 0,6–0,9 %, продолжительности обработки 30–60 мин и гидромодуле 1:8;9;10. Количественный и качественный состав моно- и дисахаридов гидролизатов определяли методом ВЭЖХ. В работе использовали комплекс общепринятых и стандартных методов исследований. Определение состава пшеничных отрубей показало низкое содержание в них лигнина (7,55 %), высокое – пентозанов (17,9 %). Были определены оптимальные технологические условия трансформации полисахаридов с наибольшим содержанием редуцирующих веществ в гидролизатах – 640 мг/г отрубей: гидромодуль 1:10, температура 120 °С, продолжительность 45 мин и концентрация серной кислоты 0,9 %. Наибольшее изменение содержания моно- и дисахаридов гидролизатов установили для пентоз, количество их в пересчете на ксилозу – 78,2 мг/г отрубей. Количество легкогидролизуемых углеводов и клетчатки пшеничных отрубей при химической обработке уменьшалось на 80 и 19 % соответственно. В данном исследовании установили оптимальные параметры химического гидролиза пшеничных отрубей для их конверсии в целевые продукты биосинтеза – биологически ценные углеводы. Это является перспективным направлением исследований и практического их использования в производстве биотоплива, химических веществ и пищевых добавок.

A more efficient bioconversion of renewable plant resources is a priority in modern biotechnology. An important aspect of the processing and pretreatment of cellulose raw materials is to obtain a high content of reducing substances in the final product. The present research objective was to determine the optimal conditions for the chemical transformation of plant polymers to obtain biologically valuable substances. The research results will reduce the final cost of biotechnological production. This research featured wheat bran polymers treated with sulfuric acid and relied on a set of standard research methods. The degree of polymer conversion was tested on native and mechanically activated wheat bran fractions of 600, 200, and 100 microns. The kinetics of the high-temperature chemical hydrolysis was as follows: temperature – 120–130°C, sulfuric acid concentration – 0.6–0.9%, treatment time – 30–60 min, hydromodule – 1:8;9;10. The quantitative and qualitative composition of mono- and disaccharides of hydrolysates was determined using the high performance liquid chromatography method. The composition of wheat bran showed a low content of lignin (7.55%) and a high content of pentosans (17.9%). The highest content of reducing substances in hydrolysates was 640 mg/g bran. The optimal technological conditions with the highest content of reducing substances were as follows: hydromodulus – 1:10, temperature – 120°C, treatment time – 45 min, and sulfuric acid concentration – 0.9%. The greatest change in the content of mono- and disaccharides of hydrolysates belonged to pentoses: 78.2 mg/g of bran (in terms of xylose). The amount of easily hydrolysable carbohydrates and wheat bran fiber decreased by 80 and 19%, respectively. This research revealed the optimal parameters for the chemical hydrolysis of wheat bran to obtain biologically valuable carbohydrates. This area of research can be of practical use for producers of biofuels, chemicals, and food additives.

 Отруби гидролиз полимеры целлюлоза хроматография механическая активация конверсия Wheat bran chemical hydrolysis carbohydrate-containing raw materials chromatography mechanical activation Работа выполнена на базе кафедры продуктов питания и пищевой биотехнологии Омского государственного аграрного университета им. П. А. Столыпина (Омский ГАУ) в рамках договора НИР с Министерством сельского хозяйства и природопользования Омской области. The research was performed on the premises of the Department of Food and Food Biotechnology of the P.A. Stolypin Omsk State Agrarian University (Omsk SAU) as part of research agreement with the Ministry of Agriculture and Nature Management of the Omsk Region.

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