Food Processing: Techniques and Technology Food Processing: Techniques and Technology Техника и технология пищевых производств 2074-9414 2313-1748 105092 10.21603/2074-9414-2025-3-2597 ОРИГИНАЛЬНАЯ СТАТЬЯ ORIGINAL ARTICLE ОРИГИНАЛЬНАЯ СТАТЬЯ Antimicrobial Properties of Siberian Wild Plant Extracts: Pulmonaria officinalis, Heracleum sibiricum, and Syringa vulgaris Антимикробные свойства экстрактов Pulmonaria officinalis, Heracleum sibiricum, Syringa vulgaris, произрастающих в Сибири https://orcid.org/0009-0002-5706-7727 Люц Вероника Андреевна Lutz Veronika A. veronichkalutz@mail.ru https://orcid.org/0009-0006-1103-614X Харлов Севастьян Юрьевич Harlov Sevastian Yu. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9061-1256 Величкович Наталья Сергеевна Velichkovich Natalia S. velichkovich@yandex.ru https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9583-9161 Проскурякова Лариса Александровна Proskuryakova Larisa A. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4704-484X Остапова Елена Владимировна Ostapova Elena V. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1252-9572 Иванова Светлана Анатольевна Ivanova Svetlana A. pavvm2000@mail.ru

доктор технических наук;

doctor of technical sciences;

 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2960-0216 Козлова Оксана Васильевна Kozlova Oksana V. Кемеровский государственный университет Кемерово Россия Kemerovo State University Kemerovo Russian Federation Кемеровский государственный университет Кемерово Россия Kemerovo State University Kemerovo Russian Federation Кемеровский государственный университет Кемерово Россия Kemerovo State University Kemerovo Russian Federation Кемеровский государственный университет Кемерово Россия Kemerovo State University Kemerovo Russian Federation Институт химии углерода и химического материаловедения СО РАН Кемерово Россия Institute of Carbon Chemistry and Chemical Materials Science, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences Kemerovo Russian Federation Кемеровский государственный университет Россия Kemerovo State University Russian Federation Кемеровский государственный университет Кемерово Россия Kemerovo State University Kemerovo Russian Federation 08 10 2025 08 10 2025 55 3 673 686 16 05 2025 02 09 2025 https://fptt.ru/en/issues/23788/23851/

Предотвращение порчи продуктов, вызываемой патогенными микроорганизмами, без ущерба для их качества – важнейшая задача пищевой промышленности. Растительные экстракты, особенно экстракты высших растений, являются одними из наиболее эффективных и безопасных компонентов, содержащих органические кислоты и полифенольные соединения, способные ингибировать рост различных патогенных микроорганизмов. Целью настоящего исследования являлось изучение in vitro антимикробных свойств образцов экстрактов растений Кемеровской области – Кузбасса (Западная Сибирь, Россия), перспективных для использования в разработке новых природных антисептических и антимикробных препаратов. Для исследования выбраны образцы растений: борщевика сибирского (Heracleum sibiricum L.), медуницы лекарственной (Pulmonaria officinalis L.), сирени обыкновенной (Syringa vulgaris L.). Из них получены водно-спиртовые экстракты различной концентрации (40, 55, 60, 70 %), для которых диско-диффузионным методом определяли антимикробную активность in vitro. Метаболомный состав образцов экстрактов изучали методом высокоэффективной жидкостной хроматографии с УФ-детектором. Концентрацию соединений рассчитывали по калибровочным уравнениям. Образцы экстрактов H. sibiricum, P. officinalis и S. vulgaris обладали различной антимикробной активностью. Наиболее широкий спектр действия продемонстрировали образцы 40 и 60 % водно-спиртовых экстрактов борщевика сибирского, ингибируя рост Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecalis, Pseudomonas putida и Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Кумариновые соединения, присутствующие в экстракте, разрушали клеточные мембраны и препятствовали образованию биопленок. Образцы P. officinalis проявили активность против Bacillus cereus и P. aeruginosa; S. vulgaris ингибировали рост Candida albicans и E. coli благодаря антоцианам и органическим кислотам, которые также служат натуральными консервантами. Несмотря на подтвержденную антимикробную активность, применение данных экстрактов в пищевой промышленности требует дополнительных исследований. Необходимо доказать их безопасность, оценить влияние на вкус и свойства продуктов, а также изучить стабильность и их взаимодействие с другими ингредиентами. Данное исследование вносит вклад в разработку новых природных антисептических и антимикробных препаратов, а также демонстрирует перспективность использования для этих целей биоактивных соединений растений Кемеровской области – Кузбасса.

Pathogenic microorganisms cause food spoilage. Food science knows a number of methods to prevent it without compromising the original food quality. Plant extracts are effective and safe components that contain organic acids and polyphenols capable of inhibiting the growth of pathogenic microorganisms. This in-vitro research featured the antimicrobial and metabolomic profiles of plant extracts from the Kemerovo Region, Western Siberia, Russia, as well as their antiseptic and antimicrobial prospects. The aqueous-alcohol extracts of Heracleum sibiricum L., Pulmonaria officinalis L., and Syringa vulgaris L. in various concentrations (40, 55, 60, 70%) were tested for antimicrobial activity in vitro using the disc diffusion method. The method of high-performance liquid chromatography with a UV detector made it possible to identify the metabolomic composition. The concentration was calculated mathematically, by calibration equations (3–5% mean error). The extracts of H. sibiricum, P. officinalis, and S. vulgaris demonstrated different antimicrobial activities. The broadest range belonged to the 40 and 60% aqueous-alcoholic extracts of H. sibiricum, which were able to inhibit Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecalis, Pseudomonas putida, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. These extracts also contained coumarin compounds that destroyed cell membranes and prevented biofilm formation. P. officinalis inhibited Bacillus cereus and P. aeruginosa. The test samples of S. vulgaris contained anthocyanins and organic acids that served as natural preservatives while inhibiting Candida albicans and E. coli. Siberian H. sibiricum, P. officinalis, and S. vulgaris proved to contain a wide range of bioactive compounds that could be used to develop new natural antiseptic and antimicrobial drugs. Despite the confirmed antimicrobial activity, the extracts of these plants require further research to be used in the food industry. So far, their safety status, stability, effect on food sensory profile, and interaction with other ingredients remain unknown.

 Растительное сырье Pulmonaria officinalis Heracleum sibiricum Syringa vulgaris антимикробная активность водно-спиртовой экстракт патогенные микроорганизмы Plant raw material Pulmonaria officinalis Heracleum sibiricum Syringa vulgaris antimicrobial activity aqueousalcohol extract microbial pathogens Исследование выполнено при финансовой поддержке Российского научного фонда, грант № 23-16-00113. С использованием оборудования ЦКП «Инструментальные методы анализа в области прикладной биотехнологии» на базе КемГУ. The research was supported by the Russian Science Foundation, grant no. 23-16-00113. It was conducted on the premises of the Central R&D Center for Instrumental Biotechnologies, Kemerovo State University, Kemerovo, Russia.

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